Everything about Burkhard Christoph Von Munnich totally explained
» Munnich redirects here. For the Bavarian capital, see Munich.
Count Burkhard Christoph von Münnich (
9 May,
1683 -
16 October,
1767) was a
Russian
field marshal and
political figure. He was a fine soldier of the professional type, and many future
commanders, notably
Ernst Loudon and
Franz Lacy, served their apprenticeship at
Ochakov and
Khotin. As a statesman, he's regarded as the founder of Russian
Philhellenism. He had the grade of count of the
Holy Roman Empire of the German Nation.
Münnich was born at
Neuenhuntorf in
Oldenburg and at an early age entered the
French service. Thence he transferred successively to the armies of
Hesse-Darmstadt and of
Saxony, and finally, with the rank of
general-in-chief and the title of count, he joined the army of
Peter II of Russia. Among his first undertakings was the completion of the costly
Ladoga Canal, which had been under construction for more than a decade.
In
1732 he became field marshal and president of the
council of war. In this post he did good service in the re-organization of the
Russian army, and founded the
cadet corps which was destined to supply the future generations of officers. In
1734 he took the city of Danzig (
Gdańsk) after
a prolonged siege, and in
1736 began the
Turkish campaigns which made Münnich's reputation as a soldier.
Working along the shores of the
Black Sea from the
Crimea, he took
Ochakov after a celebrated
siege in
1737, and in
1739 won the
Battle of Stavuchany, and took
Khotin (
Choczim), and established himself firmly in
Moldavia. Marshal Münnich now began to take an active part in political affairs, the particular tone of which was given by his rivalry with
Biron,
duke of
Courland.
Münnich's activity was brought to a close by the
revolution of 1741; he was arrested on his way to the border, and condemned to death. Brought out for execution, and withdrawn from the
scaffold, he was later sent to
Pelym,
Siberia, where he remained for several years, until the accession of
Peter III brought about his release in
1762.
Catherine II, who soon displaced Peter, employed the old field marshal as director-general of the
Baltic ports.
Münnich died four years later in
Dorpat and was buried at his estate nearby, where his grave was damaged by the Soviets.
Barbara Juliana, Baroness von Krudener was his great granddaughter. The Russian 37th
Dragoons used to bear his name.
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